The liver performs many essential functions, and when it becomes inflamed due to hepatitis, there is cause for concern. There are many types of viral hepatitis, including A, B and C.
Causes
Hepatitis can be caused by:
- Immune cells in the body attacking the liver and causing autoimmune hepatitis
- Infections from viruses (such as hepatitis A, B, or C), bacteria, or parasites
- Liver damage from alcohol, poisonous mushrooms, or other poisons.
- Medications, such as an overdose of acetaminophen
Risk Factors
The following people are at a higher risk for hepatitis:
- Health care workers who are exposed to infected blood
- People who share needles
- People who abuse drugs or alcohol
Symptoms
- Abdominal pain or distention
- Dark urine or pale/clay-colored stools
- Flu-like symptoms, such as fatigue, low-grade fever, nausea/vomiting
- General itching
- Jaundice (yellowing of skin or eyes)
- Appetite or weight loss
Diagnostic Tests
A physical examination may show:
- Enlarged and tender liver
- Fluid in the abdomen (ascites) that can become infected
- Yellowing of the skin
Your doctor may order laboratory tests to diagnose and monitor the hepatitis, including:
- Abdominal ultrasound
- Autoimmune blood markers
- Hepatitis virus serologies
- Liver function tests
- Liver biopsy to check for liver damage
- Paracentesis if fluid is in your abdomen
Treatment
Your doctor will discuss possible treatments with you, depending on the cause of your liver disease. A high-calorie diet may be recommended to combat weight loss.
