Posted By Author on May 8, 2026
Colon cancer is one of the most common cancers in the United States and is currently the deadliest cancer among patients under 50. It is also one of the most preventable when detected early. Regular screening plays a critical role in identifying signs of early-stage cancer, like precancerous polyps, before symptoms even appear. With timely testing and proper care, patients have a much higher chance of successful treatment and long-term health.
At Charleston GI, our focus is on helping patients understand the importance of proactive digestive health. Whether you are coming up on age 45, the recommended screening age, or have risk factors that require earlier testing, learning about your screening options is an important step toward protecting your health and well-being.
What Is Colorectal Cancer?
Colorectal cancer is a type of cancer that develops in the colon or rectum. Cancer, in general, involves cells in the body growing uncontrollably. Specifically, the colon is known as the large intestine, or large bowel, and it connects to the rectum, the passageway between the colon and the anus.
Who Gets Colorectal Cancer?
Colorectal cancer is most common in individuals aged 45 and older, and the risk escalates with age. However, cases in younger patients are on the rise. If you are 45 or older, discuss screening options with your gastroenterologist at Charleston GI.
Your risk of developing colon cancer may be higher if:
- You or an immediate family member has a history of colorectal cancer or polyps.
- You have an inflammatory bowel disease, such as Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis.
- You have a genetic condition like familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) or hereditary non-polyposis colorectal cancer (Lynch syndrome).
If you have an increased risk of developing colon cancer, getting screened more frequently and earlier may be required to stay on top of your risk. If you believe you may be at higher risk, talk to your doctor to determine the best screening schedule for you.
What Are Symptoms of Colorectal Cancer?
Colorectal cancer can be present without the person knowing, as symptoms are not always present, especially in the early stages.
If symptoms do appear, they can include:
- Changes in bowel habits
- Blood in or on your stool
- Persistent abdominal pain, aches, or cramps
- Unexplained weight loss
If you notice any of these symptoms, contact our team at Charleston GI.
Colon Cancer Screening Options
There are several different types of tests available to screen for polyps or other signs of colorectal cancer:
Stool-Based Tests
- Guaiac-based Fecal Occult Blood Test (gFOBT): This test uses the chemical guaiac to detect hidden blood in the stool. A small sample is collected at home using a stick or brush and then returned to a healthcare provider or lab for analysis.
- Fecal Immunochemical Test (FIT): Similar to the gFOBT, this test uses antibodies to find blood in the stool. A test kit is provided by the healthcare provider, and the sample collection procedure is the same as for the gFOBT.
- FIT-DNA Test (Stool DNA Test): This test combines the FIT test with a DNA test to detect DNA alterations in stool. Patients collect an entire bowel movement and send it to a lab for checking for potential cancer cells.
Direct Visualization Tests
- Flexible Sigmoidoscopy (Flex Sig): A short, thin, flexible, lighted tube is inserted into the rectum to examine the inside of the rectum and the lower third of the colon for polyps or cancer.
- Colonoscopy: This procedure is similar to a flexible sigmoidoscopy but uses a longer and thinner, but still flexible, lighted tube to examine the entire colon as well as the rectum. A key advantage is that your gastroenterologist can find and remove most polyps and some cancers during the test. It is also used as a follow-up if another screening test has an unusual finding.
- CT Colonography (Virtual Colonoscopy): This method uses X-rays and computers to generate images of the entire colon, which are then displayed on a computer screen for your doctor to analyze.
Take a Proactive Step Toward Protecting Your Health with Charleston GI
Colon cancer screening is one of the most powerful tools for protecting your long-term health. By detecting precancerous polyps and early-stage cancer before symptoms develop, routine screenings can significantly reduce the risk of advanced disease and improve treatment outcomes. Taking action at the recommended age, or sooner if you have risk factors, can truly make a life-saving difference.
The team at Charleston GI is dedicated to helping patients stay proactive about their digestive health through personalized care and advanced screening options. If you are due for a screening or have questions about your risk factors, scheduling a consultation is an important step toward prevention and peace of mind. Early detection saves lives, and the right care team can help you stay one step ahead. Schedule your screening today!
